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| 1.
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堀内, 雅子
概要:
application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />I tried to analyze the change of the consumption of fabric products in Japan by "Annual Report on the Family Income and Expenditure Survey" and a questionnaire from 388 adult females
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in Gunma Prefecture. The results are as follows : 1 . The consumption of fabric products in Japan has increased mainly dependent on the Gross Domestic Products. 2. The ratio of the consumption of fabric products to the whole consumption decreased every year, resulting 5.9% in 1996. The reason of the decrease of clothing expense was mainly because of decrease of the payment for men's and children's wear. The amount paid for women' s wear is rather increasing. 3. Focusing on the foundation garment, it is the best way to fit foundation garments before purchasing to decrease the inactive ones. Although purchasing without fitting decreased since 1989, 5856 of the purchasers still buy the foundation garments without fitting. It is necessary to enlighten the necessity of fitting when buying them. 4 . Generally speaking, about 40% of the purchased foundations are inactive. Especially, the women with interesting in garments is tendency to keep inactive garments. On the other hand, those who buy them after fitting and wear until worn have less number of foundation garments and inactive ones.
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| 2.
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堀内, 雅子
概要:
application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />We tried an investigation into the actual consumers conditions on the use of detergents as the basic data to diminish the usage of kitchen detergents and the amount of remained
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surfactants to tablewares. 1) About 3/4 of the examinees use undiluted kitchen detergents to wash tablewares. 2) The ways to rinse the tablewares differ among the ages of the examinees, and the way of persons in twenties was the worst in remaining surfactants on the tablewares. The best was that by persons in thirties. 3) The remained surfactant by the one-person household is larger than that by the relatives household. 4) The remained surfactant after washing of tablewares by persons with chidren is less than that by persons without children, and especially, that by the persons with infants is the least. 5) In the ways of rinsing, the way using sponge is rather effective to remove the surfactant attached to the plastic dishes. It is also significant to remove attached surfactant on dishes by dipping the washed dishes in water during rinsing other dishes. 6) People who wash dishes roughly tend to remain rather high amount of surfactant on dishes than those who wash dishes carefully. It is remarkable that the gross amount of surfactants by 13% of examinees was over 0.2 ppm which is the maximum permissible amount of anion surfactants of city water.
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| 3.
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論文
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堀内, 雅子
概要:
application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />Some information about the recent trends in the choice of clothing among young people was obtained through a questionnaire to 359 young students or employees, aged 21 on the average, who
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live in and around Maebashi city, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. Judging from the standpoints buying their clothes, the repliers are divided into four groups. The major group (75.3% of the youth) shows the tendency to choose their clothes by the brands, although they think that they are not so influenced by the brand names, and they enjoy dressing themselves up by combination of various clothes. However, they are slightly attached to their own clothes and they buy new clothes one after another and discard old ones easily. The desirable youth, who choose their clothes attaching importance to materials, sewing and functions of the clothes and have a tendency of taking care to wear out their clothes, are only 7.6% of the repliers.
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| 4.
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堀内, 雅子
概要:
application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />The relation between the styles of briefs and the physical condition, especially the extent of menorrhalgia or menstrual pain was investigated through a questionnaire from 655
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girl students of Gunma University. 1) Although the extent of menstrual pain mainly depend on their constitutional tendencies or the period after the beginning of the menstrual function, the extent of the pain also depends on the styles of wearing briefs ; the girl students wearing usually bikini briefs felt stronger and more frequent pain during menses than the students wearing standard briefs. 2 ) The effects of the six major factors (period after menarche, amount of menstrual flow, interval of menses, history of the family on menorrhalgia, shape of briefs, and life style) on menorrhalgia were compared by the method of multivariate statistical analysis, The shape of briefs affected least of these factors on the frequency of the menorrhalgia, but it significantly affected (forth of six factors) on the extent of the pain.
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| 5.
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堀内, 雅子
概要:
application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />To clarify the primary (actors of the comfortable sweat shirts, we examined the relations between physiological responses and clothing comfort of the sweat shirts made from three
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different materials (A : 100%cotton, B: 55% cotton and 45% polyester, C: 45% cotton, 55% polyvinyl chloride). Students (3 men, 3 women) belonging the athletic club examined every sweat shirts, respectively. They kept quiet for 10 min, then exersized treadmill running for 15 min followed by resting for 15 min. The time dependent changes of the skin temperature and the changes of the temperature and the moisture at the air phase between the clothes and the skin were simultaneously determined and recorded continuously throughout the experiments. These results were compared with the replies submitted to the questionnaries on the clothing comfort by the subjects of the experiments. Both of the temperature and the moisture at the air phase during and after the exersizes were least when examined wearing ""sweat shirt B"" (B<C<A) ; correspondingly, ""sweat shirt B"" was felt to be the most comfortable to wear (B>C>A). The moisture caused by perspiration might be easily transferable through the cloth of ""sweat shirt B"", consequently, the temperature and the moisture inside the cloth raise a little. As the result, the comfortable sweat shirts should be made from the materials by which moisture is easily transmittable to cause the thermal diffusion.
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| 6.
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堀内, 雅子
概要:
application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />The contaminations of anion surfactants in Tone River and their re
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lations with water temperatures and the amounts of flowing water were studied. The data were measured by Gunma Prefectural Office. Further, the relation of the biodegradation of the anion surfactants and water temperature were examined by the river die-away test. 1) The amounts of Methylene Blue Active Substance(MBAS), a marker of anion surfactants in water, showed good correlation with the water temperature and the amounts of flowing water(multiple correlation coefficient: 0.915, coefficient of determination: 0.839). 2) The river die-away tests were done at 6, 20 and 27℃. MB AS disappeared after 10 days at 20℃. However, 92% of MBAS still remained after 2 weeks at 6℃. Considering that the water temperature of Tone River in winter is around 6℃, the contaminated anion surfactants in the river in winter could not be partially degraded.
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| 7.
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堀内, 雅子
概要:
application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />Following conclusions were obtained from the questionnaires done in Ueno village about the actual daily use and the knowledge of detergents. 1) On the average, 39% of the wives answered
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""No"" to the questions concerning the knowledges about 1) raw materials of the detergents, 2) biodegradation of the detergents, 3) water pollution by phosphate, 4) fitness of Japanese city water as the washing water. 2) Although more than 50% of wives read the label requirements of the using detergents, only 4% and 1% of them followed the manufacture's suggested diluting guidelines of kitchen detergents and laundry detergents respectively. 3) Many people fear the harmful effects of the detergents, but, they believe that there should happen no harm in their own way of washing. 4) Comparing with the investigation in Suita city in Osaka, remarkably fewer people in Ueno village use soaps than the people in Suita city. 5) There is no relation between the numbers of a family and the amounts of detergents they use. In contrast, the wives who use large volume of laundry detergents tend to use large volume of kitchen detergents. 6) More than 80% of people agreed with the thought that people should be careful not to make water pollution of the river because the water in the river running through the village is used as the city water. However, as the matter of fact, they use larger amounts of detergents than the manufacture's recomended guidelines.
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| 8.
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堀内, 雅子
概要:
application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />It is known that a certain amounts of the detergents remain on the clothes even after rinsing out. The detergent residue on the clothes is gradually transfered to the substrates
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contacting directly with the cloth. This process should be one of the cause of skin irritation. In this paper, I described the relationship between the amounts of detergent residues on cotton clothes after rinsing and their mobility to cotton and silk clothes. The clothes were washed with the commercial detergents at the concentrations followed by the manifucture's suggested diluting guidelines, and then the washed clothes were rinsed with 30 times volume of water by the batch method. (1) After three times of rinsing, 1.5 mg detergent was still remained on 1 g of the cotton cloth. (2) Contacting with wet silk cloth, the detergent residue bound on the rinsed cotton cloth was transfered to the silk cloth linearly up to 1 hr and 11% of the residue was transfered to the wet silk cloth in 1 hr. When contacting with wet cotton cloth, 28% of the residue was transfered. (3) The higher detergent concentration for washing cause the more amount of residue and the more amounts of residue result the easier tranfer. (4) The mobility depend upon the moisture of the substrates to be transfered. These results show that it is hard to remove the detergents completely from washed clothes and a fair amount of detergent residue is easily transferable to the contacted substrates. From these results, it is suggest the possibility of the transfer of the detergent residue from underwears or diapers to skin. So, it could be recommended to wash the diapers for the babies with hypersensitivity using soaps in stead of synthetic detergents.
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| 9.
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堀内, 雅子
概要:
application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />Relation between the Consumer's Knowledge of Detergents and Detergent Residue A person handling dishes with detergent residue could be harmed by that residue being absorbed
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into his or her body. Repeated daily, this could develop into a serious health problem. In order to determine people's understanding of detergents and their actual usage, some information was obtained through a questionnaire from people (women : 248, men : 13) who were using detergents daily in their homes. Further, the relation between the handling procedure and detergent residue on dishes was examined using plastic dishes and commercial detergents. From the questionnaire, it was shown that most of the people only knew of water pollution and roughening of the hands as hazards of detergents. When washing dishes, 55.2^ of the people used undiluted commercial detergents; this tendency was even higher among people who showed little interest in the hazardous effects of detergents. The results of rinsing with tap water showed that it took 60 seconds to reduce the remaining detergent on plastic dishes to 0.94ppm after washing with an undiluted detergent which was twice the amount of time needed when using the manufacturer's suggested diluting guidelines (0.15% soln.). Comparing the procedure of rinsing, <K>% of the people used only fingers and palms. However, with sponge rinsing, it was possible to reduce the detergent residue. As a result, it is easy to reduce detergent residue by using an adequate Washing procedure.
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| 10.
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論文
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堀内, 雅子
概要:
application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />An actual condition of the skin troulbe by clothes was studied. The questionarrires were send to 765 housewives and 559 answers were recovered. 37.6% of the answeres had experiences
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with skin eruption caused by clothes. New clothes caused skin eruption more frequently than washed clothes. When washing, softening agents were used by 77.5% of the answereres and especially, 41.6% of the mothers used softening agents when washing diapers. Diaper rashes were caused to 87.5% of the babies wearing the diapers with softening agents, but only 53% of the babies wearing diapers without softening agents were caused diaper rash. There are significant difference about the understanding of the diaper rash between the housewives living in cities and in rural district. Generally, the housewives have the tendency to think that diaper rash is caused by the constitution of the babies, not by softening agents.
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