A study of the relationship between governmental and non-governmental disaster prevention

フォーマット:

学位論文

責任表示:

Sripramai, Keerati

言語:

英語

出版情報:

群馬大学工学研究科, 2012-02

著者名:

Sripramai, Keerati  

開始ページ:

1

終了ページ:

103

バージョン:

AM

概要:

Thesis or Dissertation<br />Generally, in order to improve a regional safety for disasters and accidents, indispensable strategies are not only a reinforcement of the governmental ability, but also a strengthening of the cooperative r … elationship between government and non-government which means volunteers, residents and so on. Needless to say, the effective strategy should be varied depending on the actual situation in the subject area, because there is no guarantee that some strategies or countermeasures based on the common-sense values of one subject area will be of universal application for all other regions. Especially, such an effective strategy will also differ according to whether the subject area is in the developed country or in the developing country.\nConsequently, the process to make clear about what the fundamental problems are in the subject area must be an essential for examination of such solutions as above.\nIf I tried to overview the actual situation of various places about firefighting as an example, then I can find some distinctive tendencies. If I overviewed the recent Japanese situation for firefighting as an example, it may be said that there is a highly-developed fire fighting system which can extinguish a fire immediately except for a large number of simultaneous fires in a huge earthquake. It may be said that there is an effect of a smooth cooperative relationship between governmental and non-governmental fire fighting. In the Japanese system, it is worth specially mentioning that the voluntary fire fighting plays a part in the official fire fighting on a legal basis.\nOn the other hand, it is unusual for most developing countries to have such a highly-developed fire fighting system. It ought to be important for such most developing countries to make full use of the existing community resources, because it is impossible to reinforce immediately the governmental infrastructures.\nNeedless to say, even if in Japan, it is not that there are not problems at all. It has been long since some researchers said a weakness of a community leads to an undesirable situation not only in fire protection, but also in every respect. Regarding to the disaster prevention or regional fire fighting validity, it has been pointed out that a resident who depends overly on an existing highly-developed disaster prevention system tends to lack a consciousness of the parties concerned. It is true that the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures which was triggered by “Isewan Typhoon” had promoted the remarkable infrastructure improvements for disaster prevention, and also had succeeded in decreasing the number of victims per year by natural disasters from several thousands to about hundreds. Therefore, it can be also said that the subject of the current Japanese disaster prevention issue is expanding to a reinvigoration of a community such as how to revitalize a consciousness of the parties concerned, after establishment of the Basic Act on Disaster Control Measures in Japan.\nIt follows from what has been said thus far that the process to make clear about what the\nfundamental problems are in the subject area must be an essential for each place, and that the effective countermeasure ought to be varied depending on the actual situation of the subject area.\nEspecially, I may say that the differences in disaster prevention issues between the developing countries and the developed countries ought to become clear by focusing on the relationship between government and non-government.\nAs mentioned-above, in this study, focusing on a fire fighting as an examination case, I would consider the differences on the fundamental problems and effective countermeasure for regional fire fighting validity between developing countries and developed countries. I would take the case of Thailand as a developing country, and also take the case of Japan as a developed country.\nIn summary, the following results were obtained: Firstly, regarding to the investigation on Bangkok, Thailand, as a case study of a developing country, the following were grasped by some investigations. Namely, even though there are some voluntary firefighting groups in each district in addition to the governmental fire fighting, so far from existing a cooperative relationship, there are many conflicts between them.\nAnd such conflicts hinder the improvement of the efficiency of the comprehensive regional fire fighting. There is no doubt about the necessity of the further infrastructure improvements for disaster prevention. However it is also true that such further infrastructure improvements take a long time and a lot of cost. Therefore, it was considered that the most practical countermeasure would be an improvement of the efficiency of the regional fire fighting by an establishment of the cooperative relationship between the governmental and volunteer fire fighters which was a typical case of the existing community resources. In order to put this countermeasure into practice, in this study, I have proposed the Regional Fire Fighting Validity Map which can show the actual situation and the effect of the establishment of the cooperative relationship between them, and also held several workshops in which both members were attended. As a result, this practical approach succeeded in achievement the above purpose. I heard that nobody succeeded in establishment of such a cooperative relationship between them in the past. Therefore, this ought to be the first case in Thailand history. Moreover, the spread of this strategy to the other districts is expected in the future.\nSecondly, regarding to the investigation in Japan, as a case study of a developed country, the following were grasped by some investigations. It has been long since some researchers emphasized the importance of a reinvigoration of a community for the further improvement of the regional fire fighting validity, and these researchers also emphasized only the importance of the altruistic or charitable behavior for an achievement of the reinvigoration of a community. In contrast, it was found from the results in this study that a person who had understood deeply the existence of the fire risk which spread from its neighborhood, had a basic tendency to have a motivation to awaken a neighbor’s activity for a regional fire spread risk reduction. Especially, it is quite interesting that such a basic tendency can be explained as not only an altruistic motive but also a selfish motive. Furthermore, I made some contents in order to promote such a motivation, and verified its usefulness. In this sense, practical use of this strategy is expected in the future.<br />学位記番号：工博甲442 続きを見る