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ネウパネ, プラミラ ; サプコタ, ジート バハドル ; NEUPANE, Pramila ; SAPKOTA, Jeet Bahadur
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Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />This research investigates the educational challenges faced by high school students in Nepal during the COVID-19 pandemic across gender, caste/ethnicity, and rural-urban areas. Using the questionnaire
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survey of 227 students in two secondary schools, one each from the rural and urban areas, this study uncovers the learning gaps through a comprehensive examination of health impacts, overall study levels, parental education, and time allocation to household chores, and unveils complex inequalities. Findings reveal rural-urban gaps, where rural students struggle with limited access to quality education, exacerbated by disparities in parental education and increased domestic responsibilities, particularly for female students. The impact of the pandemic varies across caste and ethnic groups, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions that consider diverse sociocultural contexts. Implications for policymakers include strategic investments in infrastructure, teacher training, and digitalization to bridge the rural-urban gap. It is important to implement policies that address the gender-specific challenges faced by female students, promote parental education, and enhance disaster preparedness. As Nepal deals with the changes in education after the pandemic, this study serves as one of the key references for transformative policies and interventions, fostering resilience, inclusivity, and equitable educational opportunities for all.
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YAMADA, Toshiyuki
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Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />This paper proposes new notions of EFL and TEFL for better English education in Japan. Generally, EFL and TEFL are abbreviations of English as a Foreign Language and Teaching English as a Foreign Language,
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respectively. In Japan, people living there learn English as a foreign language because the target language, English, is rarely used in daily life except for the classroom. Consequently, English teachers, both Japanesespeaking teachers of English and Assistant Language Teachers, are forced to teach English as a foreign language at school. In this paper, we explore Error-Finding Learning (EFL) as an effective method of grammar acquisition and Teaching by Error-Finding Learning (TEFL) as a new grammar instruction. It will be clear that in consideration of an EFL context in Japan, our EFL is effective to Japanese-speaking learners of English, and that as a practice of TEFL in Japan, our TEFL is consistent with the notion of active learning emphasized in the current Course of Study for English education. This paper sets the theoretical framework for proposing new notions of EFL and TEFL, and discusses its practical implications.
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YAMADA, Toshiyuki
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Departmental Bulletin Paper
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田中, 麻里 ; 山内, 可菜 ; 越智, 貴子 ; 深澤, 敦仁 ; TANAKA, Mari ; YAMAUCHI, Kana ; OCHI, Takako ; FUKASAWA, Atsuhito
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Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />Dr. Kisao Ozaki, professor emeritus at Gunma University, was a researcher who laid the
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foundation for the study of tumulus in Gunma, and many of the tumulus survey diaries, photographs and drawings from that time are kept at Gunma University Aramaki Campus. These three unearthed archaeological relics, photographs and records are regarded as uncommon and valuable materials in Japan. These materials were used for student education, and Dr. Ozaki's exhibition Part5 was organized with student participation. In this section, we report on the contents of the exhibition and students' learning about the trial of educational practice using university materials. The Dr. Ozaki Exhibition, Part 5, focused on a web exhibition consisting of posters, videos, exhibition discription, and “Dr. Ozaki and tumuli in Gunma” playing cards. The students studied about the tumuli in Gunma and the role played by Dr. Ozaki and learned practically through production how to pass on what they had learned, thereby acquiring skills, and feeling a sense of accomplishment. The use of university materials enables students to understand the role played by the university and to transmit what they have learned from the students' point of view, thereby bringing the knowledge of the university to a wide range of people. In the future, the encounter with these valuable materials will help identify with one another for Japanese and overseas students, respecting Japanese or Gunma values, expand the notions, and take part in local and global exchanges.
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Kamiyoshihara, Mitsuhiro ; Igai, Hitoshi ; Ohsawa, Fumi ; Numajiri, Kazuki ; Shirabe, Ken
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Onbe, Hiromi ; Nakanishi, Keisuke ; Yamazaki, Chiho ; Tanifuji, Saki ; Arai, Hiroko
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Kato, Shiori ; Ushikubo, Mitsuko
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Nagamine, Megumi ; Mori, Toshie ; Ohyama, Yoshiko
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Takahashi, Yumiko ; Yokota, Hidemi ; Fukuda, Masato
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Journal Article
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Yamada, Takayuki ; Ohwada, Susumu
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Journal Article
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Yanjmaa, Enkhjargal ; Ogawa, Shota ; Tsogbadrakh, Basbish ; Khurelbaatar, Tsetsegsuren ; Khuyagbaatar, Enkhchimeg ; Nasanjargal, Tsetsgee ; Hayashi, Kunihiko ; Takeda, Takashi ; Oidov, Batgerel ; Shinozaki, Hiromitsu
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12. Computed Tomography Characteristics of Ruptured Corpus Luteum:Does Prior Coitus Modify Findings?
Kumasaka, Yuka ; Aoki, Jun ; Amanuma, Makoto ; Itoh, Masahiro ; Oota, Katsuto ; Kumasaka, Soma ; Tsushima, Yoshito
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Journal Article<br />北関東医学会The KITAKANTO Medical Journal優秀論文賞
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Sumihartini, Nova ; Yamazaki, Chiho ; Paramita, Sekar Ayu ; Suradji, Eka Widrian ; Koyama, Hiroshi ; Hamazaki, Kei
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Journal Article
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YAMADA, Toshiyuki
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Departmental Bulletin Paper
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Purev, Odonchimeg ; Enkhjargal, Manduul ; Ogawa, Shota ; Purevsukh, Tugsjargal ; Dagvasumberel, Munkhbaatar ; Oidov, Batgerel ; Taketomi-Takahashi, Ayako ; Tsushima, Yoshito ; Iwase, Akira ; Shinozaki, Hiromitsu
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Journal Article
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Hilfi, Lukman ; Atik, Nur ; Raksanagara, Ardini Saptaningsih ; Sunjaya, Deni Kurniadi ; Paramita, Sekar Ayu ; Yamazaki, Chiho ; Koyama, Hiroshi ; Hamazaki, Kei
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Journal Article
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Yazawa, Tomohiro ; Igai, Hitoshi ; Ohsawa, Fumi ; Yoshikawa, Ryohei ; Kamiyoshihara, Mitsuhiri ; Yajima, Toshiki ; Shirabe, Ken
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Journal Article
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Hosokawa, Mai ; Kanda, Kiyoko
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Journal Article
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Ushikubo, Mitsuko ; Ohtani, Tadahiro ; Kaawabata, Hiromi
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Shimada, Shoko ; Tokiwa, Yoko ; Iijima, Yumi
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Batbayar, Yanjinsuren ; Delegdoo, Bolorchimeg ; Bat-Erdene, Lkhamkhuu ; Byambaragchaa, Lkhagvasuren ; Sakamoto, Masaaki
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Ishikawa, Junko ; Oka, Michiyo ; Yokomizo, Ai ; Shiotsuki, Reena ; Nishiyama, Akiyoshi
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Nozaki, Shinjiro ; Makino, Takatoshi ; Lee, Bumsuk ; Matsui, Hiroki ; Tokita, Yoshiharu ; Shinozaki, Hiromitsu ; Kishi, Mikiko ; Kamada, Hideo ; Tanaka, Kazumi ; Sohma, Hitoshi ; Kama, Akinori ; Nakagawa, Kazumasa ; Shinohara, Tomoyuki ; Watanabe, Hideomi
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Kimura, Sota ; Suzuki, Takatomo ; Nowatari, Takeshi ; Kamiyoshihara, Mitsuhiro ; Igai, Hitoshi ; Matsuura, Natsumi ; Yazawa, Tomohiro ; Ohsawa, Fumi ; Furusawa, Shinya
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Ogaya, Shota ; Hayashi, Kunihiko ; Shinozaki, Hiromitsu
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Journal Article
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Munkhbat, Lkhagvamaa ; Ogawa, Shota ; Oidov, Batgerel ; Davaakhuu, Tungaamaa ; Purev, Odonchimeg ; Manduul, enkhjargal ; Choijiljav, Dorjderem ; Dash, Munkhkhuslen ; Hayashi, Kunihiko ; Shinozaki, Hiromitsu
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Journal Article
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YAMADA, Toshiyuki
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Departmental Bulletin Paper
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Nakamura, Mika ; Kondo, Hiroko
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Journal Article<br />Background & Aims: Medical safety measures for nurses are an important issue. The present study aim
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ed to clarify the human factors affecting the frequency of incidents by years of experience. Methods: The participants were 1,489 nurses working in acute care hospitals with more than 400 beds. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted. The survey included the frequency of incidents in the last six months and a “Questionnaire on Work Situations Commonly Associated with Nursing-Related Incidents.” Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Explanatory variables were extracted from the questionnaire items through principal component analysis. The objective variable was incident frequency. The analysis was conducted by years of experience. Results: Valid responses were obtained from 716 nurses. Extracted variables were: unsafe execution of work, psychological stress, physical stress, busy work environment. Significant associations with incident frequency was found for busy work environment, psychological stress, and unsafe execution of work for nurses with up to 1 year, 4-10 years, and 11 or more years of experience, respectively. Conclusion: The human factors affecting incident frequency were shown to differ depending on the nurses’ years of experience. Thus, preventive measures based on nursing experience are necessary: improving support systems to reduce busyness, improve psychological support, and address role familiarity for nurses with up to 1 year, 4-10 years, and 11 or more years of experience, respectively.
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| 29.
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Tamura, Kosei ; Sato, Makiko ; Tamura, Jun-Ichi
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Journal Article<br />We report the case of a 60-year-old man with pneumaturia due to gas production by Klebsiella pneumoniae in the bladder. Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor, and K. pneumoniae produces carbon dioxide by fermenting
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glucose under anaerobic conditions. Antibiotic therapy successfully improved cystitis and pneumaturia. However, in the presence of urinary tract obstruction and/or emphysematous upper urinary tract infections, other interventions may be needed.
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Kamiyoshihara, Mitsuhiro ; Yazawa, Tomohiro ; Matsuura, Natsumi ; Igai, Hitoshi ; Ohsawa, Fumi ; Furusawa, Shinya
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Journal Article<br />A left upper lobectomy was performed in an 80-year-old man with lung cancer. There was no air leakage after surgery, but on the evening of the next day severe subcutaneous emphysema and a massive air leakage developed
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after he had suffered bouts of coughing. In response to his worsening symptoms, he underwent surgery, which identified a subpleural pocket-like tear on the remaining lower lobe. There had been no evidence of emphysematous changes in his preoperative findings. This case demonstrates the need to consider reinforcing the pulmonary surface facing a large dead space to avoid coughing-induced pulmonary barotrauma.
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Sato, Tomonobu ; Aso, Chizu ; Tobe, Masaru ; Mieda, Rie ; Suto, Takashi ; Saito, Shigeru
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Journal Article<br />We had previously experienced a case involving prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on Mt. Fuji (3,776 m), demanding strenuous work by the rescuers. The objective of this study was to examine the
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effectiveness of a wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) with 10 electrodes for the assessment of cardiac condition during exercise at hypobaric hypoxic environment. The traces of ECG during CPR action were obtained in a hypobaric chamber with barometric pressure adjusted to be equivalent to 3,700 m above sea level (630-640 hPa). Two volunteers performed CPR with or without breaths using a CPR mannequin. In a 3,700-m-equivalent environment, the percentage of recordings with clear signal qualities were 26% at V1 position, and 31% at V4 position, respectively. Although wearable ECG monitoring is still under development, removing electromyogram artefact may improve the signal quality and make the wearable 12-lead ECG monitoring useful in preventing cardiac problems at high altitudes and in wilderness environments.
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Sakai, Makoto ; Kubota, Yoshiki ; Kubo, Nobuteru ; Tashiro, Mutsumi
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Journal Article<br />Background & Aims: With the development of radiology, the demand for medical physicists is increasi
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ng, and the training of new medical physicists is becoming a necessity. Although a few questionnaire surveys regarding medical physicists and medical physicist training courses have been conducted, no survey reports have yet been conducted on examinees. This study is the first survey of general examinees. Methods: Gunma University has a webpage for test preparation, and we conducted a survey on examinees using this page, through a questionnaire and access analyses. Results: Approximately 80% of the users qualified as technologists. Considering the percentage of users by region, the number of medical physicists and accredited facilities were strongly correlated. The proportion of females was extremely low. Exam papers on “science and technology” and “radiation physics” were accessed more than those on “medical and biology” field. Thus, physics may be a shortcoming of many examinees; science and engineering majors were less likely to take exams and have lower pass rates. Conclusion: Recruitment and provision of learning environments for science and engineering graduates are required. To increase the number of students, while improving the quality of medical physicists, it is necessary to investigate current conditions of students in greater detail.
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| 33.
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Kanayama, Yuuju ; Kasamatsu, Tetsuhiro ; Awata, Maaya ; Ishihara, Rei ; Murakami, Yuki ; Masuda, Yuta ; Gotoh, Nanami ; Handa, Hiroshi ; Saitoh, Takayuki ; Murakami, Hirokazu
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Journal Article<br />Background and aims: Recently, genome-wide analyses have revealed mutations in spliceosome machiner
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y associated with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2) and splicing factor 3a subunit 1 (SF3A1) were investigated in a Japanese population of patients and healthy control group. We aimed to find associations with prognosis and pathology. Methods: We obtained genomic DNA from 99 patients with MDS, 92 patients with AML, and 172 healthy controls and detected SRSF2 (rs237057) and SF3A1 (rs2074733) genotypes using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: There was no statistical significance to associate these polymorphisms with susceptibility to MDS/AML. However, the SF3A1 rs2074733 TC was significantly associated with higher hemoglobin level, compared to the TT genotype (mean±standard deviation, 10.6±1.63 vs 9.09±2.19 g/dL; P＝0.022). In addition, patients with rs2074733 TC showed a significantly lower frequency of chromosomal abnormality [2 (18.2%) vs. 46 (53.5%), P＝0.027]. We observed no statistical significance between these polymorphisms and clinical variables for AML, or the prognosis of MDS and AML. Conclusions: Our study indicates that the SF3A1 rs2074733 TC genotype is associated with some clinical features of MDS.
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| 34.
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Kumasaka, Yuka ; Aoki, Jun ; Amanuma, Makoto ; Itoh, Masahiro ; Oota, Katsuto ; Kumasaka, Soma ; Tsushima, Yoshito
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Journal Article<br />Background & Aims: To determine the effect of prior coitus on CT findings of ruptured corpus luteum
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. Methods: The subjects were female patients complaining of acute lower abdominal pain, who underwent CT examination. Patients meeting the following criteria were diagnosed with ruptured corpus luteum: 1) an adnexal cystic mass with thick wall, 2) high density ascites (≥20 Hounsfield Units [H.U.]), 3) no CT evidence of acute abdominal diseases, 4) no pregnancy, 5) no prior history of chronic lower abdominal pain, and 6) relief of pain within two weeks. These patients were classified into two groups: with and without coitus within three days before the onset. Then, CT findings were evaluated. Results: A total of 18 patients fulfilled the criteria. Patients with prior coitus (n＝9) showed a larger maximum diameter of the adnexal cyst (38.8 vs 23.5 mm, p＝0.005), higher attenuation of ascites (41 vs 25 H.U., p＝0.017), and a larger amount of ascites (pelvis-limited or beyond pelvis) (p＝0.015), compared to the others (n＝9). Conclusions: Prior coitus affected CT findings such as a larger amount of ascites with higher attenuation.
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| 35.
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Choijiljav, Dorjderem ; Nasanjargal, Tsetsgee ; Ogawa, Shota ; Oidov, Batgerel ; Yanjmaa, Enkhjargal ; Nyam, Naranbaatar ; Munkhbat, Lkhagvamaa ; Dash, Munkhkhuslen ; Hayashi, Kunihiko ; Irie, Yuki ; Shinozaki, Hiromitsu
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Journal Article<br />Background: There have been no studies on the prevalence of disordered eating attitudes (DEAs) in M
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ongolia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of DEAs and the associated risk factors among university students in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Methods: In 2016, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 483 female students studying at School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences in Ulaanbaatar. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) was used to determine the prevalence of DEAs among the students. Body height and weight measurements were collected by team members after obtaining participants’ consent. SPSS version 25 was used for statistical analyses. Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze ordinal and numeric values. Results: In this study 5.4% of the participants presented high score on EAT-26. Through multivariate logistic regression analysis, the number of breakfasts per week, perception of healthy meals, and previous and present dieting were found to be associated with a high score on the EAT-26. Conclusions: The prevalence of DEA is relatively low among Mongolian female students. The number of breakfasts per week, past and current experience of dieting, and perception of healthy meals were influential factors in the development of DEAs.
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| 36.
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Kamiyoshihara, Mitsuhiro ; Yazawa, Tomohiro ; Igai, Hitoshi ; Matsuura, Natsumi ; Ohsawa, Fumi
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Journal Article<br />We present a rare case of primary tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) in which pulmonary metastases developed 14 years after the initial surgery. A 69-year-old woman underwent a radical tracheal resection with
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tracheoplasty for tracheal ACC. At a checkup 14 years later, computed tomography revealed three solid nodules in the lungs. We performed video-assisted thoracoscopic lung resection of the bilateral masses. Histologically, we observed ACC that was compatible with the previously resected primary lesion. The patient has had no recurrence 24 months after metastasectomy (198 months after the initial surgery).
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| 37.
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Hoshino, Masamichi ; Shinozaki, Hiromitsu ; Ogawa, Shota ; Hayashi, Kunihiko ; Itoh, Masahiro ; Iwase, Akira
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Journal Article<br />Background & Aim: Wearing seat belt is an effective tool to protect both pregnant women and their unborn babies. Pregnant women are more likely to use seat belt if they have acquired knowledge on how to wear seat belt
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correctly during pregnancy. This study aims to examine the association between exposure to information on seat belts and usual seat belt use in daily life during pregnancy. Methods: We employed a descriptive analysis of cross-sectional survey data collected through self-administered questionnaires at seven obstetric facilities in Maebashi City, a provincial city in Japan. Between October and December 2013, 1,278 pregnant women completed questionnaires, containing items such as the frequency of rear seat belt use and the sources from which they had received information on the issue. Results: We found that 444 participants (34.7%) received information on seat belt use during pregnancy mainly from magazines or administrative bodies, while 834 (65.3%) did not. We also found that pregnant women who received more information from more sources were more likely to wear seat belts while sitting in the rear seat. Conclusions: These findings suggest that increased information on the correct method of wearing seat belts during pregnancy may increase the number of pregnant women who wear seat belts. Our study has implications for protecting the safety of both pregnant women and their children.
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| 38.
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Kamiyoshihara, Mitsuhiro ; Yazawa, Tomohiro ; Matsuura, Natsumi ; Igai, Hitoshi ; Ohsawa, Fumi ; Yoshikawa, Ryohei
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Journal Article<br />A 46-year-old woman presented with an abnormal thickening and calcification of the pleura; positron emission tomography showed lesions with significantly high uptake in the pleural masses. The patient had undergone
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talc pleurodesis for pleural effusion due to advanced stage IV ovarian cancer 27 months prior. Because there were no other malignant findings, pleurectomy including the lesion area was performed as salvage surgery. Postoperative histological findings showed talc pleurodesis-induced granulomatosis (pleural talcoma). This case demonstrates the need to consider pleural talcoma when positron emission tomography shows a high uptake lesion after talc pleurodesis. It is sometimes difficult to distinguish pleural talcoma from malignant diseases with dissemination.
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| 39.
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Yudistiro, Ryan ; Heryanto, Yusri Dwi ; Kodaira, Sayaka ; Higuchi, Tetsuya ; Arisaka, Yukiko ; Tokue, Azusa ; Taketomi-Takahashi, Ayako ; Tsukamoto, Norifumi ; Yokohama, Akihiko ; Handa, Hiroshi ; Koiso, Hiromi ; Ishizaki, Takuma ; Tsushima, Yoshito
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Nurlaelah, Elah ; ITOH, Takashi ; ., Suhendra
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />Aside from being one of the systematically arranged disciplines, mathematics is also a
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social construction that views humans as active subjects in building knowledge through interaction with the surrounding environment. Therefore, in addition to being a medium to enhance students’ understanding of mathematical concepts, mathematics education should also apply the principles of social activity while linking mathematical concepts to social issues. This research is intended to reform mathematics learning so that it does not merely focus on students’ understanding of mathematical concepts, but also improve their quality through the application of ‘social justice in mathematics education’, while at the same time internalising issues related to social justice through the application of ‘social justice through mathematics education’ concepts. This study used action research as the research methodology considering its actionbased themes and characteristics, where the teacher performed and simultaneously reflected learning activities. The findings obtained from this study are: (i) several challenges related to the application of ‘social justice in and through mathematics education’ in mathematics learning area, among others, include the difficulty of changing the teacher’s mindset on how to teach mathematics to students equitably (socially) and how to foster teacher sensitivity in designing mathematics learning that integrated justice issues into mathematics learning; (ii) the implementation of the principle of ‘social justice in and through mathematics education’ in order to improve the quality of mathematics learning is felt to be ineffective because of the teacher’s ability to design and implement mathematics learning involving ‘social justice in mathematics learning’ and ‘social justice through mathematics learning’ remains adequate; and (iii) the application of ‘social justice in and through mathematics education’ has a significant effect on student involvement in mathematics learning. It is characterized by more active students in learning and more enthusiastic students in learning activities, because the material that is discussed very closely with students’ daily experiences. Furthermore, the findings of this study are expected to contribute to the reform of mathematics education, especially those related to productive mathematics learning, the planting of effective mathematical concepts in students, equitable mathematics learning, and simultaneously internalizing social justice issues through the application of concepts, such as building students’ character. By using the elements in the planning and reflection of lessons, teachers are able to develop a comprehensive guide for improving the quality of their lessons and at the same time internalize students’ character building by using social justice issues.
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| 41.
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YAMADA, Toshiyuki
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />We explore a new approach to the long-standing issue in linguistics: of whether knowled
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ge of language is innate or not. To this empirical issue, a variety of approaches have been proposed, but the purpose of the present study is not to deny those approaches bur rather to examine a new one for further verification of the innateness hypothesis. Our new approach is based on the methodology adopted in first language acquisition.\nConcretely, if a second language learner produces a string of words which is neither accepted grammatically in the target language nor attributed to their first language transfer but can be analyzed as a corresponding grammatically accepted structure in another language, then it follows that he/she can access to knowledge of the language to which he/she is never exposed and thus that knowledge of all particular languages is innately available. As a preliminary study, we analyze the relevant errors of Japanese-speaking learners of English and consider future issues for our new approach. 言語知識が生得的であるか否かは言語学における長年の課題であるが、本研究はその課題に対して新たなアプローチを探る。言語知識の生得性という経験的課題に対して、これまでさまざまなアプローチが提案されてきたが、本研究の目的はそれらのアプローチを否定することではなく、新たなアプローチを検討し、言語生得説に対するさらなる検証に貢献することである。新たなアプローチは第一言語獲得で採用されている方法論に基づいている。具体的には、第二言語学習者が、目標言語で文法的に容認されず、学習者の母語による干渉にも帰因しないが、他の言語では文法的に容認される構造であると分析できるような文を産出したとしたら、当該学習者は一度も経験したことのない言語に関する知識にアクセスしたことになり、すべての個別言語に関する知識は生得的に利用可能ということになる。\n予備的な研究として、日本人英語学習者が産出するこのような誤りを分析し、新たなアプローチに対する今後の課題を検討する。
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| 42.
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Ogawa, Masaru ; Yokoo, Satoshi ; Yamaguchi, Takahiro ; Suzuki, Keisuke ; Makiguchi, Takaya
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Journal Article<br />Background & Aims: The purpose of this study is to identify the clinical and immunohistological fac
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tors that inhibit bone healing after extirpation of extensive radicular cysts and endodontic microsurgery-microscopic apicoectomy, and utilize these factors as predictors of treatment outcome. Methods: Endodontic microsurgery-microscopic apicoectomy was performed in 26 patients. Outcomes were evaluated based on clinical signs and radiographs. Expression levels of cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, RANKL) in the cyst epithelium and subepithelial connective tissue were also investigated. Results: The success rate was 88.5%. The radiological reduction rate was ≥75% in 16 patients (good bone healing) and <75% in 10 (poor bone healing). In clinical analysis, penetrating bone defects and the site (maxilla) showed significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). In immunohistochemical analysis, expression of IL-1β and TNF-α showed significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Penetrating bone defects, inflammation, and a maxillary site are prognostic factors for a poor outcome after treatment of extensive radicular cysts. Endodontic microsurgery-microscopic apicoectomy is a new technique for treatment of an extensive radicular cyst, and this study is the first to identify factors that influence the outcome after extirpation of the cyst.
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Manduul, Enkhjargal ; Nakajima, Takahito ; Shibuya, Kei ; Shrestha, Suman ; Hirasawa, Hiromi ; Tsushima, Yoshito
概要:
Journal Article<br />This study evaluated liver function using gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (EOB-M
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RI) to improve assessment of patients with liver tumors compared to Child-Pugh classification (CPC). Materials and methods: The liver function of 59 patients was assessed to determine the indication for heavy ion therapy. Clinical and laboratory assessments, including 99mTc-GSA liver scintigraphy and indocyanine green retention index (ICGR15), were performed for liver function assessment. EOB-MRI was performed on T1W1 images both before and after Gd-EOB-DTPA administration and hepatobiliary phase images were acquired 20-min post-injection. Liver parenchymal enhancement ratio (LER) was measured based on liver-to-spleen (L/Sp) ratios calculating the average liver intensity divided by spleen intensity. Results: The mean LER values on MRI were 138.2±12.8 (133.9-142.5), 115.7±11.6 (110.0-121.5), and 93.2±15.8 (73.6-112.9) in CPC-A, -B and -C, respectively. From the correlation between the LER on MRI and ICGR15 and parameters of 99mTc-GSA liver scintigraphy, LER on MRI was highly significantly correlated with ICGR15 (r=-0.67; p<0.0001). Discussion: This study demonstrated that LER values on EOB-MRI could classify liver function and had high correlation with CPC and ICGR15.
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Nakashima-Hashimoto, Tomomi
概要:
Journal Article<br />Background & Aims: To obtain a better guide for the nursing care of patients with Parkinson’s disea
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se undergoing longterm care by describing the improvement of unconvincing results after deep brain stimulation (DBS). Methods: Using a modified grounded theory approach, semi-structured interviews were performed with 11 patients (aged 50-80 years) who had undergone 5-14 years of DBS before this study. Results: The improvement process of unconvincing outcomes in patients with Parkinson’s disease following DBS starts with the patients' attempts to share the unconvincing outcomes, followed by repeating the cycle of ambiguity in unconvincing outcomes and becoming saddled with them under maintainable support, and ends in achieving realization of the improvement plan. Conclusions: Patients could hide their unconvincing outcomes from the other patients while struggling for a long time, and they stated that they tried to cope with unconvincing outcomes by reconsidering the meaning of DBS. Its course differs for each person. These findings may be helpful in improving long-term care, enhancing patient satisfaction and quality of life, and in educating patients considering post-DBS care.
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Kanzaki, Takao ; Tran, Vu Quynh Vy ; Higuchi, Tetsuya ; Nakajima, Takahito ; Achmad, Arifudin ; Takahashi, Yasuyuki ; Taketomi-Takahashi, Ayako ; Suto, Takayuki ; Tsushima, Yoshito
概要:
Journal Article<br />Objective: [123I] N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-[123I]iodophenyl) nortropane (123I-FP-CIT)
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or dopamine transporter (DAT) SPECT scan quantitatively depicts striatum dopamine transporter density. The specific binding ratio (SBR) is important for Parkinson's disease (PD) diagnosis. Correction techniques may improve 123I-FP-CIT image quality, but they are currently not standardized. We aim to determine attenuation correction (AC) and scatter correction (SC) influence on 123I-FP-CIT quantitative analysis. Methods: We preformed SPECT imaging on a striatal phantom representing striatum-to-background ratios ranging from 10:1 to 1:1. We used the Chang method for AC and triple energy window for SC. Commercially available software semi-automatically calculated SBR. We performed correlation analysis between SBR and the actual concentration ratio in four groups: no correction (NC), SC, AC, and combined correction (CC), paying particular attention to SBR values below the clinical cut-off (4.5). We applied the same imaging conditions, reconstruction, and corrections on 49 human 123I-FP-CIT SPECT studies. Asymmetric index values (AI) were also analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis provided AI diagnostic cut-off values in PD patients. PD patient population whose AI values were above these cut-off value were subject to a correlation study to confirm the association between their clinical symptoms and 123I-FP-CIT SPECT. Results: Phantom study. AC or CC increased SBR 123I-FP-CIT SPECT, making them very close to the standard ratios (AC: y=1.19x - 0.7; R2=0.98; CC: y=1.4x - 1.2; R2=0.98), while NC and SC underestimated SBR at lower values (1 to 4). Clinical study. There was no difference in SBR between NC and SC, while AC and CC produced significantly higher SBR than NC (p<0.0001). Only SC affected AI values (p<0.05). The association between clinical symptoms and 123I-FP-CIT imaging results were maintained only when either NC (n=12, p<0.05) or CC (n=14, p<0.05) was applied. Conclusions: AC increased SBR more than other corrections, while SC increased AI value more than other corrections. The association between clinical symptom and SPECT findings were maintained when either NC or CC was applied. These correction methods should be carefully selected for 123I-FP-CIT SPECT brain imaging.
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Arai, Aki ; Hirota, Yu ; Mitsui, Shinichi
概要:
Journal Article<br />Background: Social bonds between spouses (pair bond) positively affect health conditions. Recently, we reported that the administration of serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitors to monogamous prairie
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voles ameliorated the impairment of pair bonding caused by traumatic stresses, suggesting the involvement of the serotonergic system in the formation of pair bonds in this model animal. Before investigating this possibility, we investigated the cohabitation condition which leads to a pair bond using our colony of prairie voles. Methods: Male prairie voles were cohabited with females for 96h in a control experiment. Otherwise, subject males were cohabited with an estradiol-primed females for 6 h or 24h. Subsequently, partner preferences by subject male prairie voles were assessed for 3 h. Results: All subjects in the 96 h cohabitation group preferred to huddle with their partner than stranger females. Twenty-four hour cohabitation induced partner preference; however a 6-h cohabitation did not, despite accompanying mating bouts. Conclusions: The formation of pair bonds by prairie voles requires 24 h of cohabitation. Mating bouts in a 6-h cohabitation appear to be insufficient for the formation of a pair bond. Such factors need to be considered when performing experiments using pharmacological methods that enhance or inhibit pair bonds.
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Ohtani, Yusuke ; Ono Yoshihiro
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Journal Article<br />We report the case of a 24-year-old male patient with skin bridges at two points between his penile glans and foreskin. He had undergone neonatal circumcision in the United States of America. We successfully performed
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surgical dissection of the two skin bridges, restored the cosmetic features and resolved discomfort. In Japan, neonatal circumcision is not performed routinely; therefore, complications as in this case are rarely seen.
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Kanbe, Tomoyuki ; Yokoo, Satoshi ; Ogawa, Masaru ; Takayama, Yu ; Gomi, Akinori ; Makiguchi, Takaya
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AOYAGI, Chiharu ; KANAIZUMI, Shiomi ; KUROIWA, Hatsumi ; TOKITA, Eiko ; TAMURA, Kyoko ; MARUYAMA, Yukie ; SHIKAMA, Kumiko ; SAKOU, Keiko ; TAKAHASHI, Tamami ; ARAI, Yoshihiro
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />Objective: To clarify the current mental and physical state of students 5 years after e
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xperiencing the Great East Japan earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear accident, and to shed light on the practical initiatives and issues faced by yogo teachers in supporting students’ health.\nMethod: In May 2016, we conducted a mail-based questionnaire of yogo teachers at 15 prefectural high schools in Soma District and Futaba District (collectively, “Soso”) in Fukushima Prefecture, one of the areas most heavily affected by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. The questionnaire focused on (1) health and school life of students; and (2) current initiatives and issues faced by yogo teachers in supporting student health.\nResults: We received responses from 8 of the 15 high school yogo teachers surveyed (response rate: 53.3％).Six yogo teachers (75％) responded that the “students are calm.” However, 6 yogo teachers (75％) recognized a tendency among students towards weight gain and obesity, as well as reduced physical stamina and sporting ability, while 4 yogo teachers (50％) indicated that some students were anxious about their future and career path, and were receiving personal support from the school counselor. The yogo teachers provided support to students while attempting to ascertain their mental and physical well-being through greater health monitoring and questionnaires, and while coordinating with the school physician and counselor.\nConclusion: Five years after the earthquake, high school students in the Soso district are now leading a more relaxed school life, but still feel anxious about their future health and career path due to lingering concerns about radiation, highlighting the need for long-term support by yogo teachers.
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YAMADA, Toshiyuki
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Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />This preliminary study investigates what grammatical errors are most frequently observed in Japanese EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners even after the six years of English learning. By a
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series of free writing tasks, 2691 English sentences were collected from 28 Japanese EFL learners. We identified 882 grammatical errors in the dataset with respect to five major types: determiner, preposition, subject-verb agreement for be-verbs, subject-verb agreement for general verbs, and number agreement within a noun phrase. The ratios of the number of grammatical errors to that of obligatory contexts in which those particular grammatical items must occur were 61.1%, 10.9%, 2.6%, 5.7%, and 18.2%, respectively. There are three major findings: (i) Japanese EFL learners make errors in the determiner most frequently, (ii) they make errors in subject-verb agreement more frequently for general verbs compared to be-verbs, and (iii) they make errors in the determiner more often compared to agreement. Their theoretical implications are discussed.
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