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1. Computed Tomography Characteristics of Ruptured Corpus Luteum: Does Prior Coitus Modify Findings?
Kumasaka, Yuka ; Aoki, Jun ; Amanuma, Makoto ; Itoh, Masahiro ; Oota, Katsuto ; Kumasaka, Soma ; Tsushima, Yoshito
概要:
Journal Article<br />Background & Aims: To determine the effect of prior coitus on CT findings of ruptured corpus luteum
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. Methods: The subjects were female patients complaining of acute lower abdominal pain, who underwent CT examination. Patients meeting the following criteria were diagnosed with ruptured corpus luteum: 1) an adnexal cystic mass with thick wall, 2) high density ascites (≥20 Hounsfield Units [H.U.]), 3) no CT evidence of acute abdominal diseases, 4) no pregnancy, 5) no prior history of chronic lower abdominal pain, and 6) relief of pain within two weeks. These patients were classified into two groups: with and without coitus within three days before the onset. Then, CT findings were evaluated. Results: A total of 18 patients fulfilled the criteria. Patients with prior coitus (n＝9) showed a larger maximum diameter of the adnexal cyst (38.8 vs 23.5 mm, p＝0.005), higher attenuation of ascites (41 vs 25 H.U., p＝0.017), and a larger amount of ascites (pelvis-limited or beyond pelvis) (p＝0.015), compared to the others (n＝9). Conclusions: Prior coitus affected CT findings such as a larger amount of ascites with higher attenuation.
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Choijiljav, Dorjderem ; Nasanjargal, Tsetsgee ; Ogawa, Shota ; Oidov, Batgerel ; Yanjmaa, Enkhjargal ; Nyam, Naranbaatar ; Munkhbat, Lkhagvamaa ; Dash, Munkhkhuslen ; Hayashi, Kunihiko ; Irie, Yuki ; Shinozaki, Hiromitsu
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Journal Article<br />Background: There have been no studies on the prevalence of disordered eating attitudes (DEAs) in M
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ongolia. This study aims to determine the prevalence of DEAs and the associated risk factors among university students in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Methods: In 2016, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 483 female students studying at School of Nursing, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences in Ulaanbaatar. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) was used to determine the prevalence of DEAs among the students. Body height and weight measurements were collected by team members after obtaining participants’ consent. SPSS version 25 was used for statistical analyses. Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze ordinal and numeric values. Results: In this study 5.4% of the participants presented high score on EAT-26. Through multivariate logistic regression analysis, the number of breakfasts per week, perception of healthy meals, and previous and present dieting were found to be associated with a high score on the EAT-26. Conclusions: The prevalence of DEA is relatively low among Mongolian female students. The number of breakfasts per week, past and current experience of dieting, and perception of healthy meals were influential factors in the development of DEAs.
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Kamiyoshihara, Mitsuhiro ; Yazawa, Tomohiro ; Igai, Hitoshi ; Matsuura, Natsumi ; Ohsawa, Fumi
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Journal Article<br />We present a rare case of primary tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) in which pulmonary metastases developed 14 years after the initial surgery. A 69-year-old woman underwent a radical tracheal resection with
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tracheoplasty for tracheal ACC. At a checkup 14 years later, computed tomography revealed three solid nodules in the lungs. We performed video-assisted thoracoscopic lung resection of the bilateral masses. Histologically, we observed ACC that was compatible with the previously resected primary lesion. The patient has had no recurrence 24 months after metastasectomy (198 months after the initial surgery).
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Hoshino, Masamichi ; Shinozaki, Hiromitsu ; Ogawa, Shota ; Hayashi, Kunihiko ; Itoh, Masahiro ; Iwase, Akira
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Journal Article<br />Background & Aim: Wearing seat belt is an effective tool to protect both pregnant women and their unborn babies. Pregnant women are more likely to use seat belt if they have acquired knowledge on how to wear seat belt
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correctly during pregnancy. This study aims to examine the association between exposure to information on seat belts and usual seat belt use in daily life during pregnancy. Methods: We employed a descriptive analysis of cross-sectional survey data collected through self-administered questionnaires at seven obstetric facilities in Maebashi City, a provincial city in Japan. Between October and December 2013, 1,278 pregnant women completed questionnaires, containing items such as the frequency of rear seat belt use and the sources from which they had received information on the issue. Results: We found that 444 participants (34.7%) received information on seat belt use during pregnancy mainly from magazines or administrative bodies, while 834 (65.3%) did not. We also found that pregnant women who received more information from more sources were more likely to wear seat belts while sitting in the rear seat. Conclusions: These findings suggest that increased information on the correct method of wearing seat belts during pregnancy may increase the number of pregnant women who wear seat belts. Our study has implications for protecting the safety of both pregnant women and their children.
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Kamiyoshihara, Mitsuhiro ; Yazawa, Tomohiro ; Matsuura, Natsumi ; Igai, Hitoshi ; Ohsawa, Fumi ; Yoshikawa, Ryohei
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Journal Article<br />A 46-year-old woman presented with an abnormal thickening and calcification of the pleura; positron emission tomography showed lesions with significantly high uptake in the pleural masses. The patient had undergone
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talc pleurodesis for pleural effusion due to advanced stage IV ovarian cancer 27 months prior. Because there were no other malignant findings, pleurectomy including the lesion area was performed as salvage surgery. Postoperative histological findings showed talc pleurodesis-induced granulomatosis (pleural talcoma). This case demonstrates the need to consider pleural talcoma when positron emission tomography shows a high uptake lesion after talc pleurodesis. It is sometimes difficult to distinguish pleural talcoma from malignant diseases with dissemination.
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Yudistiro, Ryan ; Heryanto, Yusri Dwi ; Kodaira, Sayaka ; Higuchi, Tetsuya ; Arisaka, Yukiko ; Tokue, Azusa ; Taketomi-Takahashi, Ayako ; Tsukamoto, Norifumi ; Yokohama, Akihiko ; Handa, Hiroshi ; Koiso, Hiromi ; Ishizaki, Takuma ; Tsushima, Yoshito
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Nurlaelah, Elah ; ITOH, Takashi ; ., Suhendra
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Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />Aside from being one of the systematically arranged disciplines, mathematics is also a
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social construction that views humans as active subjects in building knowledge through interaction with the surrounding environment. Therefore, in addition to being a medium to enhance students’ understanding of mathematical concepts, mathematics education should also apply the principles of social activity while linking mathematical concepts to social issues. This research is intended to reform mathematics learning so that it does not merely focus on students’ understanding of mathematical concepts, but also improve their quality through the application of ‘social justice in mathematics education’, while at the same time internalising issues related to social justice through the application of ‘social justice through mathematics education’ concepts. This study used action research as the research methodology considering its actionbased themes and characteristics, where the teacher performed and simultaneously reflected learning activities. The findings obtained from this study are: (i) several challenges related to the application of ‘social justice in and through mathematics education’ in mathematics learning area, among others, include the difficulty of changing the teacher’s mindset on how to teach mathematics to students equitably (socially) and how to foster teacher sensitivity in designing mathematics learning that integrated justice issues into mathematics learning; (ii) the implementation of the principle of ‘social justice in and through mathematics education’ in order to improve the quality of mathematics learning is felt to be ineffective because of the teacher’s ability to design and implement mathematics learning involving ‘social justice in mathematics learning’ and ‘social justice through mathematics learning’ remains adequate; and (iii) the application of ‘social justice in and through mathematics education’ has a significant effect on student involvement in mathematics learning. It is characterized by more active students in learning and more enthusiastic students in learning activities, because the material that is discussed very closely with students’ daily experiences. Furthermore, the findings of this study are expected to contribute to the reform of mathematics education, especially those related to productive mathematics learning, the planting of effective mathematical concepts in students, equitable mathematics learning, and simultaneously internalizing social justice issues through the application of concepts, such as building students’ character. By using the elements in the planning and reflection of lessons, teachers are able to develop a comprehensive guide for improving the quality of their lessons and at the same time internalize students’ character building by using social justice issues.
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YAMADA, Toshiyuki
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Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />We explore a new approach to the long-standing issue in linguistics: of whether knowled
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ge of language is innate or not. To this empirical issue, a variety of approaches have been proposed, but the purpose of the present study is not to deny those approaches bur rather to examine a new one for further verification of the innateness hypothesis. Our new approach is based on the methodology adopted in first language acquisition.\nConcretely, if a second language learner produces a string of words which is neither accepted grammatically in the target language nor attributed to their first language transfer but can be analyzed as a corresponding grammatically accepted structure in another language, then it follows that he/she can access to knowledge of the language to which he/she is never exposed and thus that knowledge of all particular languages is innately available. As a preliminary study, we analyze the relevant errors of Japanese-speaking learners of English and consider future issues for our new approach. 言語知識が生得的であるか否かは言語学における長年の課題であるが、本研究はその課題に対して新たなアプローチを探る。言語知識の生得性という経験的課題に対して、これまでさまざまなアプローチが提案されてきたが、本研究の目的はそれらのアプローチを否定することではなく、新たなアプローチを検討し、言語生得説に対するさらなる検証に貢献することである。新たなアプローチは第一言語獲得で採用されている方法論に基づいている。具体的には、第二言語学習者が、目標言語で文法的に容認されず、学習者の母語による干渉にも帰因しないが、他の言語では文法的に容認される構造であると分析できるような文を産出したとしたら、当該学習者は一度も経験したことのない言語に関する知識にアクセスしたことになり、すべての個別言語に関する知識は生得的に利用可能ということになる。\n予備的な研究として、日本人英語学習者が産出するこのような誤りを分析し、新たなアプローチに対する今後の課題を検討する。
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| 9.
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Ogawa, Masaru ; Yokoo, Satoshi ; Yamaguchi, Takahiro ; Suzuki, Keisuke ; Makiguchi, Takaya
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Journal Article<br />Background & Aims: The purpose of this study is to identify the clinical and immunohistological fac
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tors that inhibit bone healing after extirpation of extensive radicular cysts and endodontic microsurgery-microscopic apicoectomy, and utilize these factors as predictors of treatment outcome. Methods: Endodontic microsurgery-microscopic apicoectomy was performed in 26 patients. Outcomes were evaluated based on clinical signs and radiographs. Expression levels of cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, RANKL) in the cyst epithelium and subepithelial connective tissue were also investigated. Results: The success rate was 88.5%. The radiological reduction rate was ≥75% in 16 patients (good bone healing) and <75% in 10 (poor bone healing). In clinical analysis, penetrating bone defects and the site (maxilla) showed significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). In immunohistochemical analysis, expression of IL-1β and TNF-α showed significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Penetrating bone defects, inflammation, and a maxillary site are prognostic factors for a poor outcome after treatment of extensive radicular cysts. Endodontic microsurgery-microscopic apicoectomy is a new technique for treatment of an extensive radicular cyst, and this study is the first to identify factors that influence the outcome after extirpation of the cyst.
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Manduul, Enkhjargal ; Nakajima, Takahito ; Shibuya, Kei ; Shrestha, Suman ; Hirasawa, Hiromi ; Tsushima, Yoshito
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Journal Article<br />This study evaluated liver function using gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (EOB-M
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RI) to improve assessment of patients with liver tumors compared to Child-Pugh classification (CPC). Materials and methods: The liver function of 59 patients was assessed to determine the indication for heavy ion therapy. Clinical and laboratory assessments, including 99mTc-GSA liver scintigraphy and indocyanine green retention index (ICGR15), were performed for liver function assessment. EOB-MRI was performed on T1W1 images both before and after Gd-EOB-DTPA administration and hepatobiliary phase images were acquired 20-min post-injection. Liver parenchymal enhancement ratio (LER) was measured based on liver-to-spleen (L/Sp) ratios calculating the average liver intensity divided by spleen intensity. Results: The mean LER values on MRI were 138.2±12.8 (133.9-142.5), 115.7±11.6 (110.0-121.5), and 93.2±15.8 (73.6-112.9) in CPC-A, -B and -C, respectively. From the correlation between the LER on MRI and ICGR15 and parameters of 99mTc-GSA liver scintigraphy, LER on MRI was highly significantly correlated with ICGR15 (r=-0.67; p<0.0001). Discussion: This study demonstrated that LER values on EOB-MRI could classify liver function and had high correlation with CPC and ICGR15.
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