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山田, 功 ; 舩見, 洋祐
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application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />In the present paper, we examine a design method of robust servo Internal Model Control with control input saturation. First of all, we clarify the condition that Internal Model Control
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has robust servo characteristics for the system with control input saturation. From this consideration, we propose new design method of Internal Model Control with robust servo characteristics. A numerical example to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method is shown.
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島田, 裕之 ; 内山, 靖
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池添, 冬芽 ; 浅川, 康吉
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佐藤, 博之 ; 天谷, 賢児 ; 新井, 雅隆
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application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />Effect of gravity level on the flickering motion was experimentally investigat
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ed for the propane and propane-hydrogen jet diffusion flames. A centrifuge was used for quantitative measurement of gravity effect, and frequency analysis was performed for the flickering flames. From the result of measurements under various gravity levels, it was clarified that the flickering frequency increased with an increase in the gravity level and it was correlated with two relationships expressed by the Strouhal number and the Froude number. One relationship was St∝Fr^<-0.41> for high Froude numbers (Fr≥100), and the other was St∝Fr^<-0.50> for low Froude numbers (Fr≤100). It meant that the Froude number gave the criterion of the flickering behavior and that flickering frequencies expressed by these two equations were affected by buoyancy in different ways. From the frequency analysis, it was found that oscillations of a flickering flame and a thermal convection around the flame were linked, but the characteristic of each flickering motion was different in the stability of periodicity.
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伊東, 明俊 ; 樋田, 英紀 ; 早乙女, 康典
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application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />This study investigates how to control the stream of bioconvection. Bioconvection is a phenomenon that is autonomously generated by the high density culture media of microorganisms. In this study,
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"negative galvano-taxis" of microorganisms are used to control the downward stream of bioconvection. For that purpose, an array of 15 negative electrodes is installed at the top of the observation pool. The basic effects of electrical field on bioconvection was investigated. The result shows that the status of bioconvection classifies three different regions by the strength of electrical field. The lower area is "natural convection region" in which bioconvection is not changed by electrical field. Middle area is "convection control region" in which down flow stream near the negative electrode is brought to just under the negative electrode. The higher area is "forced convection region" in which the down flow stream that is generated under negative electrode dominates whole of convection stream and original bioconvection stream is disappeared. This controlled downward flow has a possibility as a driving source for micro fluid machines.
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坂下, 直己 ; 天谷, 賢児 ; 新井, 雅隆
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application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />Fuel droplet and vapor distributions in a spray flame formed in the hot air stream were measured by an exciplex fluorescence method. Kerosene was used as a test fuel. Kerosene was miscible
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with a small quantity of exciplex-forming dopants, TMPD (N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylene diamine) and naphthalene. A Nd : YAG laser (355nm) was used for excitation of the fuel. The fuel spray was injected from a swirl atomizer into an air stream. Air temperature was changed from room temperature to 1000k which was higher than the self-ignition temperature of a kerosene spray. Distributions of the fuel droplets and vapor were strongly affected by the air temperature. Furthermore it was confirmed that the fuel vapor was transported into recirculating flow area formed on the flame holder.
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佐藤, 博之 ; 天谷, 賢児 ; 新井, 雅隆
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application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />Quantitative investigation of the gravity effect was performed for acetone and kerosene pool fires. A centrifuge was used to examine the gravity effect. Small-scale pool fires were observed
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under various high gravity fields. Regions of stable flame, puffing flame and irregular oscillatory flame were mapped with the gravity level and pool diameter. Flame height decreased and oscillatory frequency increased with an increase in the gravity level. Behavior of the flame height was agreed quantitatively with the scaling prediction presented by Orloff and Heskestad. Puffing phenomena observed under various gravity fields were summarized with the Strouhal number and Froude number. As the result, we could obtain an empirical equation of St=0.517Fr^<-0.502>. From this equation, puffing frequency could be estimated for a flame of various pool diameter varying from 0.01 to 50 meters.
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高, 炅男 ; 樅山, 智裕 ; 新井, 雅隆
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application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />Diesel spray impinged normally on a flat wall was investigated. Spray tip penetration and spray volumes of before and after impingement were measured on high speed photographs of the sprays
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which were injected by a single shot injection system into a high pressure chamber of cold state. The effects of the spray tip penetration, spray volume, entrainment mass and air-fuel ratio were discussed on the sprays of before and after impingement. The volume of the post-impingement spray was calculated using axi-symmetrical model. It was greatly affected by the distance between the injection nozzle and the wall. When the impingement distance was shorter than the break-up length of the original spray, the entrainment mass as well as the volume of post-impingement spray was the larger than that of the original spray at the same inspection time. To calculate the average spray concentration of after impingement spray, the fuel film stuck on the wall was measured. The average air-fuel ratio of the impingement spray increased faster than the free spray because the spray concentration in a space decreased by the fuel stuck on the wall.
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中村, 敦雄
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岩崎, 浩二 ; 新井, 雅隆
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application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />Combustion characteristics and engine performances of a swirl-chamber type IDI diesel engine using two-stage injection were experimentally investigated. The injection timing and fuel allocation ratio
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between first and second injections were widely varied. Heat release rate was analyzed to evaluate the combustion phenomena in the engine. As the result, ignition delay period for two-stage injection became longer than that for single-stage injection when the amount of fuel in the first stage injection was small. However, when the amount of fuel in the first injection was large, there was no difference of ignition delay period between two-stage injection and single-stage injection. NO and Smoke emissions and fuel consumption were improved by two-stage injection when ingition delay period became long.
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