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| 1.
論文 |
論文
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MATSUMIYA, Hirokazu ; 松宮, 広和
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />On October 6, 2021, the OECD Council adopted the Recommendation on Enhancing Access to
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and Sharing of Data (EASD), OECD/LEGAL/0463 on the proposal of the Committee on Digital Economy Policy (CDEP), the Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy (CSTP), and the Public Governance Committee (PGC). All of the 37 OECD Member countries and Brazil, one of the OECD’s Key Partners, adhered to this Recommendation. The objective of the Recommendation is "to set out general principles and policy guidance on how governments can maximise the benefits of enhancing data access and sharing arrangements while protecting individuals’ and organisations’ rights and taking into account other legitimate interests and objectives." The core idea of the Recommendation demonstrated its utility during the 2019 COVID-19 global pandemic. Western developed countries including OECD Members should further cooperate and proceed to: (1) foster data-driven scientific discovery and innovations, and protect the data created throughout the data value cycle, and (2) address and solve the problems caused by the asymmetry of regulations between the "Western Cyber-Space," i.e. the free Internet, and the "Cyber-Space of the Authoritarian Regimes."
続きを見る
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| 2.
論文 |
論文
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MATSUMIYA, Hirokazu ; 松宮, 広和
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />On October 6, 2021, the OECD Council adopted the Recommendation on Enhancing Access to
…
and Sharing of Data (EASD), OECD/LEGAL/0463 on the proposal of the Committee on Digital Economy Policy (CDEP), the Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy (CSTP), and the Public Governance Committee (PGC). All of the 37 OECD Member countries and Brazil, one of the OECD’s Key Partners, adhered to this Recommendation. The objective of the Recommendation is "to set out general principles and policy guidance on how governments can maximise the benefits of enhancing data access and sharing arrangements while protecting individuals’ and organisations’ rights and taking into account other legitimate interests and objectives." The core idea of the Recommendation demonstrated its utility during the 2019 COVID-19 global pandemic. Western developed countries including OECD Members should further cooperate and proceed to: (1) foster data-driven scientific discovery and innovations, and protect the data created throughout the data value cycle, and (2) address and solve the problems caused by the asymmetry of regulations between the "Western Cyber-Space," i.e. the free Internet, and the "Cyber-Space of the Authoritarian Regimes."
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| 3.
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論文
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MATSUMIYA, Hirokazu ; 松宮, 広和
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper
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論文
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MATSUMIYA, Hirokazu ; 松宮, 広和
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper
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| 5.
論文 |
論文
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MATSUMIYA, Hirokazu ; 松宮, 広和
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />On January 4, 2018, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) released its Restoring
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Internet Freedom Order of 2017. The FCC announced that the purpose of this Order is to promote broadband deployment in rural areas, increase infrastructure investment throughout the United States, foster innovation on the Internet, and eliminate the digital divide. This Order abolished virtually all the protections for "network neutrality" introduced by the FCC’s Open Internet Order of 2015. The new Order repealed (1) three bright-line rules that prohibit blocking, throttling and paid-prioritization, (2) a general Internet conduct standard, and (3) the transparency rule. The FCC asserts that the new "improved" transparency rule together with competition among Broadband Internet Access Service (BIAS) providers and the antitrust and consumer protection laws makes these rules unnecessary, and the new Order lowers the cost of achieving these targets. In fact, as expressed in the letter to the ranking members of Congress from Internet pioneers and other leaders on December 11, 2017, the abolishment of these rules will bring an imminent threat to the Internet by killing the "virtuous cycle" that drives innovation and investment on the Internet--both at the edges of the network, as well as in the network itself. The new Order is not sufficient to prevent the harm from open Internet violations by broadband providers. In addition, the influence of companies that construct their platforms in the Application Layer is not well considered. These companies have constructed their "walled garden" on the public Internet and taken full advantage of information and knowledge that they can exploit. This trend is accelerating with the technological developments in big data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT). Recently, some twenty-five state governments have tried to enact their own network neutrality laws. The California Internet Consumer Protection and Net Neutrality Act of 2018 is the "aristocrat," however, it still leaves much to be improved. Government authorities should design the additional framework that is necessary to retrieve and preserve the vibrant and open architecture of the Internet, recover and maintain the free flow of information and knowledge, and foster the future progress of the Internet.
続きを見る
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| 6.
論文 |
論文
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MATSUMIYA, Hirokazu ; 松宮, 広和
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />On January 4, 2018, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) released its Restoring
…
Internet Freedom Order of 2017. The FCC announced that the purpose of this Order is to promote broadband deployment in rural areas, increase infrastructure investment throughout the United States, foster innovation on the Internet, and eliminate the digital divide. This Order abolished virtually all the protections for "network neutrality" introduced by the FCC’s Open Internet Order of 2015. The new Order repealed (1) three bright-line rules that prohibit blocking, throttling and paid-prioritization, (2) a general Internet conduct standard, and (3) the transparency rule. The FCC asserts that the new "improved" transparency rule together with competition among Broadband Internet Access Service (BIAS) providers and the antitrust and consumer protection laws makes these rules unnecessary, and the new Order lowers the cost of achieving these targets. In fact, as expressed in the letter to the ranking members of Congress from Internet pioneers and other leaders on December 11, 2017, the abolishment of these rules will bring an imminent threat to the Internet by killing the "virtuous cycle" that drives innovation and investment on the Internet--both at the edges of the network, as well as in the network itself. The new Order is not sufficient to prevent the harm from open Internet violations by broadband providers. In addition, the influence of companies that construct their platforms in the Application Layer is not well considered. These companies have constructed their "walled garden" on the public Internet and taken full advantage of information and knowledge that they can exploit. This trend is accelerating with the technological developments in big data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT). Recently, some twenty-five state governments have tried to enact their own network neutrality laws. The California Internet Consumer Protection and Net Neutrality Act of 2018 is the "aristocrat," however, it still leaves much to be improved. Government authorities should design the additional framework that is necessary to retrieve and preserve the vibrant and open architecture of the Internet, recover and maintain the free flow of information and knowledge, and foster the future progress of the Internet.
続きを見る
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| 7.
論文 |
論文
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MATSUMIYA, Hirokazu ; 松宮, 広和
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />On April 4, 2019, the European Commission published an expert report titled “Competitio
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n Policy for the digital era, Final report.” At the request of the EU Commissioner for competition Margrethe Vestag er, three outside scholars prepared the report to explore how EU competition policy should evolve in the digital age. They analyze the three main characteristics of the digital economy ( i.e. (a) extreme returns to scale, (b) network externalities, and (c) the role of data) and identify strong economies of scope in the digital economy, which foster the development of platforms and/or ecosystems, giving incumbents a strong competitive advantage that makes them “very difficult to dislodge.” The scholars also identify strong incentives for dominant digital companies to engage in anti competitive behavior. They conclude that the existing basic framework of EU competition law is sufficiently flexible and reliable to protect competition, and serve consumers in t he digital age. However, the scholars emphasize that it requires some adjustments to its various established concepts and assessment tools. With the rise of big technology companies like Google, Apple, Facebook, and Amazon (GAFA), and/or Baidu, Alibaba, and Tencent (BAT), governmental authorities all over the world are now facing the similar problems as mentioned above. They should cooperate in studying the issues and thereby design the additional regulatory framework that is necessary in the digital world.
続きを見る
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| 8.
論文 |
論文
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MATSUMIYA, Hirokazu ; 松宮, 広和
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />On April 4, 2019, the European Commission published an expert report titled “Competitio
…
n Policy for the digital era, Final report.” At the request of the EU Commissioner for competition Margrethe Vestag er, three outside scholars prepared the report to explore how EU competition policy should evolve in the digital age. They analyze the three main characteristics of the digital economy ( i.e. (a) extreme returns to scale, (b) network externalities, and (c) the role of data) and identify strong economies of scope in the digital economy, which foster the development of platforms and/or ecosystems, giving incumbents a strong competitive advantage that makes them “very difficult to dislodge.” The scholars also identify strong incentives for dominant digital companies to engage in anti competitive behavior. They conclude that the existing basic framework of EU competition law is sufficiently flexible and reliable to protect competition, and serve consumers in t he digital age. However, the scholars emphasize that it requires some adjustments to its various established concepts and assessment tools. With the rise of big technology companies like Google, Apple, Facebook, and Amazon (GAFA), and/or Baidu, Alibaba, and Tencent (BAT), governmental authorities all over the world are now facing the similar problems as mentioned above. They should cooperate in studying the issues and thereby design the additional regulatory framework that is necessary in the digital world.
続きを見る
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| 9.
論文 |
論文
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マツミヤ, ヒロカズ ; MATSUMIYA, Hirokazu ; 松宮, 広和
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />On January 4, 2018, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) released its Restoring
…
Internet Freedom Order of 2017. The FCC announced that the purpose of this Order is to promote broadband deployment in rural areas, increase infrastructure investment throughout the United States, foster innovation on the Internet, and eliminate the digital divide. This Order abolished virtually all the protections for "network neutrality" introduced by the FCC’s Open Internet Order of 2015. The new Order repealed (1) three bright-line rules that prohibit blocking, throttling and paid-prioritization, (2) a general Internet conduct standard, and (3) the transparency rule. The FCC asserts that the new "improved" transparency rule together with competition among Broadband Internet Access Service (BIAS) providers and the antitrust and consumer protection laws makes these rules unnecessary, and the new Order lowers the cost of achieving these targets. In fact, as expressed in the letter to the ranking members of Congress from Internet pioneers and other leaders on December 11, 2017, the abolishment of these rules will bring an imminent threat to the Internet by killing the "virtuous cycle" that drives innovation and investment on the Internet--both at the edges of the network, as well as in the network itself. The new Order is not sufficient to prevent the harm from open Internet violations by broadband providers. In addition, the influence of companies that construct their platforms in the Application Layer is not well considered. These companies have constructed their "walled garden" on the public Internet and taken full advantage of information and knowledge that they can exploit. This trend is accelerating with the technological developments in big data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT). Government authorities should design the additional framework that is necessary to retrieve and preserve the vibrant and open architecture of the Internet, recover and maintain the free flow of information and knowledge, and foster the future progress of the Internet.
続きを見る
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| 10.
論文 |
論文
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Matsumiya, Hirokazu ; 松宮, 広和
概要:
Departmental Bulletin Paper
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