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| 1.
学位論文 |
学位
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金子, 茂夫
概要:
application/pdf<br />Thesis or Dissertation<br />学位記番号：工博乙95
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| 2.
学位論文 |
学位
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Yusmady, Bin Mohamed Arifin
概要:
application/pdf<br />Thesis or Dissertation<br />Deposit formation in the combustion chamber of an engine is a complex p
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henomenon that causes various engine problems such as reduced engine performance, increased emissions and causes engine damage for diesel engines. The utilization of bio-diesel fuel further increases the tendencies of deposit formation in the engine due to its higher viscosity and distillation temperature compared to diesel fuel. The aim of this study is to clarify fuel deposition in an engine using a simplified method which is referred to as the hot surface deposition test (HSDT). The HSDT is also used to simulate and investigate deposit formations for diesel fuels and bio-diesel fuels on the wall in the combustion chamber instead of using the engine deposition test (EDT). HSDT and EDT showed that both have similar tendencies in deposit development and soot fraction in deposits. HSDT is considered as an initial research step in developing a simplified method for engine deposit investigation and it is capable of differentiating the deposit development among various types of fuels. The deposit development on a hot surface depended on the droplet impingement interval, hot surface temperature, types of fuel, deposit properties, initial stage of deposition, overlapping conditions and competition phenomena during deposit formation, such as a cooling effect, heat transfer effect and chemical reaction effect. These factors determine the existence of wet conditions and the amount of deposits accumulated. Different hot surface temperatures showed different droplet-surface interactions, evaporation lifetimes and wet/dry conditions where various deposit development features resulted. Palm oil methyl ester (PME) which is refer to as 100% palm oil methyl ester based bio-diesel fuel (B100) and its blends (B50, B20 and B5) produced a higher development rate of deposits compared to diesel fuel (DF). Less amount of DF deposits was obtained due to an absence of bio-diesel fuel components, and non-overlapping and dry deposit conditions. Philippine National Standard diesel fuel (DFP) having 1% coconut oil methyl ester (CME) in composition, showed a greater deposit development rate compared to DF, which resulted in a relatively large amount of deposits for DFP. However, for bio-diesel fuels, coconut oil methyl ester (CME) which is referred to as 100% coconut oil methyl ester based bio-diesel fuel (B100C) obtained a slower deposit development rate compared to B100, although the test conditions were changed. Due to the lower value of maximum evaporation rate point (MEP) and shorter droplet lifetime before MEP, utilization of B100C had a greater potential in reducing deposit formation compared to B100.<br />学位記番号：工博甲377
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| 3.
学位論文 |
学位
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Virginia, I. Clerveaux
概要:
application/pdf<br />Thesis or Dissertation<br />The issue of effectively communicating disaster risk within the context
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of multicultural and\nmultilingual societies is an emergent paradigm in disaster risk reduction. The need for this new focus is\nlargely informed by a globalization process that is not only characterized by freedom of international\ntrade but increasingly, by regional economic and political integration initiatives that facilitates\nincreased migration to and domicile in foreign countries, by different cultural and lingual groups. The\nresultant multiculturalism and multilingualism has produced a new challenge for disaster and\nemergency managers who are bounded by international protocol to provide equitable access to disaster\nrisk information by all persons within their jurisdictions.\nThe high vulnerability of Caribbean countries to multiple hazards and sometimes to multiple\nexposures is underscored and as the regions further cements its political and economic integration\nmovement through the creation of the Caribbean Single Market and Economy (CSME), the\nmulticultural and multilingual disaster risk reduction issues that pertain globally, have now become\nrelevant to the Caribbean region. It is in that regard that the region’s disaster management community\nis being increasingly challenged to provide disaster risk information not only to different cultural and\nlingual groups but different social and demographic groups as well. In essence therefore, there is a dire\nneed in the Caribbean to develop communication strategies and techniques that allow equitable access\nto risk information in multicultural and multilingual societies as well as cater to the information needs\nof different social and demographic groups, such as children. The Tsunami Scenario Simulation Model\n(TSSM) and the Disaster Awareness Game (DAG) which are the central theme of this thesis were\ndesigned and are being proposed as viable strategies for addressing the emergent disaster riskcommunication\nneeds of the Caribbean region. The TSSM was designed to provide equitable access to\ndisaster risk information for rapid-onset events, such as tsunamis, in a multicultural and multilingual\nsetting. It was conceptualized and developed to address the challenges of effective dissemination of\ndisaster information in societies characterized by increasing levels of multiculturalism and is based on\ndata for the island of Providenciales in the Turks and Caicos Islands (TCI). The Model is intended to be\nmore than a platform for effective communication of disaster information but in addition can be used in\nthe assessment of disaster risk, evacuation planning and providing disaster managers with empirical\ndata on the relationship between timely provision of disaster risk information and the effectiveness of\nrisk-reduction responses.\nThe DAG was designed to evaluate, compare and promote disaster awareness among all social\ngroups but particularly among children. Generally, children account for the greatest proportion of\ncasualties from hazard impacts, especially in developing countries where they comprise the largest\npercentage of total population. This disproportionate vulnerability of children has recently been the\nfocus of various United Nations initiatives for disaster risk reduction and is increasingly becoming the\nfocus of local and national measures to reduce the impacts of hazards. The specific vulnerability of\nchildren and by extension the need to promote disaster awareness among children as an integral part of\ndisaster risk-reduction strategies is an emergent theme in the disaster management fraternity. The\noverarching focus of these children-specific measures has been the promotion of disaster education in\nschools to enhance the level of awareness among school-age children. However, this new thrust\ntowards disaster awareness among children presents a new challenge for disaster planners, especially as\nthis relates to the development of appropriate tools and techniques for the enhancement of the disaster\nknowledge-base of children. The primary challenge is in the design of awareness-promotion tools that\nare relevant to and appropriate for the specific learning needs of children. Specifically, disaster\nmanagement planners need to ensure that the information provided is appropriate to the informationassimilation\ncapacity of children and that the appropriate tools and techniques are developed to ensure\neffective conveyance of information through a medium that is neither stoic nor boring. Additionally,\nthe DAG recognizes the role of children as important information conduits in multicultural societies\nand thus, as an integral part of disaster mitigation strategies. Field testing of the DAG among Caribbean\nschool-children in the Turks and Caicos Islands and St. Vincent and the Grenadines suggests that this\ntool is appropriate for effectively raising levels of awareness and consequent behaviour of children in\ndisaster situations. Also, the application of the DAG in the multicultural setting of the TCI suggests that\nthis technique can be effective in promoting impartial access to disaster education.<br />学位記番号：工博甲365
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| 4.
学位論文 |
学位
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古田, 憲司
概要:
application/pdf<br />Thesis or Dissertation<br />学位記番号:工博甲325
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| 5.
学位論文 |
学位
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古澤, 和也
概要:
application/pdf<br />Thesis or Dissertation<br />学位記番号：工博甲334
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| 6.
学位論文 |
学位
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谷, 克彦
概要:
application/pdf<br />Thesis or Dissertation<br />学位記番号：工博甲346
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| 7.
学位論文 |
学位
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Mohammad, Ali Abdelkareem
概要:
application/pdf<br />Thesis or Dissertation<br />学位記番号：工博甲347
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| 8.
学位論文 |
学位
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Tanaka, Yuko ; Sasaki, Atsushi ; Ishiuchi, Shogo ; Nakazato, Yoich
概要:
application/pdf<br />Thesis or Dissertation<br />To characterize the cellular density and proliferative activity of glia
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l fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-negative cells in pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), surgically excised tissues of PAs (n=37) and diffuse astrocytomas (DAs) (n=11) were examined morphologically and immunohistochemically using antibodies against GFAP, Olig2, Iba1 and Ki-67 (MIB-1). In PA, Olig2 immunoreactivity was significantly expressed in protoplasmic astrocytes in microcystic, loose areas and cells in oligodendroglioma-like areas. Iba1-positive, activated microglia/macrophages were also commonly observed in microcystic areas. In compact areas, a prominent reaction for GFAP was observed, but for Olig2 and Iba1 to a lesser degree. On semiquantitative analysis, the number of Olig2-positive cells was significantly higher in PAs (mean labeling index (LI) ± standard deviation (SD): 46.8 ± 15.4%) than in DAs (13.3 ± 7.8%) (P<0.001). Many Iba1-positive, microglia/macrophages were observed in PAs (19.9 ± 6.5%), similarly to DAs (20.9 ± 9.9%). Re-immunostaining of PA demonstrated that most Ki-67-positive, proliferating cells expressed Olig2, whereas GFAP or Iba1 expression in Ki-67-positive cells was less frequent (14.7 ± 13.7%, and 8.8 ± 13.6%) in a double immunostaining study. Conversely, the percentage of Olig2-positive, proliferating cells in total Olig2-positive cells (7.2 ± 3.9%) was higher than that of Iba1-positive, proliferating cells in total Iba1-positive cells (0.9 ± 0.6%). In conclusion, the present study found that PA consisted of numerous GFAP-negative cells, including Olig2-positive cells with high proliferation. Semiquantitative analysis of Olig2 immunohistochemistry in microcystic areas might therefore be useful for the differential diagnosis of PA and DA<br />学位記番号：医博甲1088
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| 9.
学位論文 |
学位
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Oishi, Takuma ; Sasaki, Aatsushi ; Hamada, Nobuyuki ; Ishiuchi, Shogo ; Funayama, Tomoo ; Sakashita, Tetsuya ; Kobayashi, Yasuhiko ; Nakano, Takashi ; Nakazato, Yoichi
概要:
application/pdf<br />Thesis or Dissertation<br />Histological analyses of glioblastoma cells after carbon-ion exposure a
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re still limited and ultrastructural characteristics have not been investigated in detail. Here we report the results of morphological and morphometric analyses of a human glioblastoma cell line, CGNH-89, after ionizing radiation to characterize the effect of a carbon-beam on glioblastoma cells. Using CGNH-89 cells exposed to 0–10 Gy of X-ray (140kVp) or carbon-ions (18.3 MeV/nucleon, LET = 108 keV/μm), we performed conventional histology and immunocytochemistry with MIB-1 antibody, transmission electron microscopy, and computer-assisted, nuclear size measurements. CGNH-89 cells with a G to A transition in codon 280 in exon 8 of the TP53 gene had nuclei with pleomorphism, marked nuclear atypia and brisk mitotic activity. After carbon-ion and X-ray exposure, living cells showed decreased cell number, nuclear condensation, increased atypical mitotic figures, and a tendency of cytoplasmic enlargement at the level of light microscopy. The deviation of the nuclear area size increased during 48 hours after irradiation, while the small cell fraction increased in 336 hours. In glioblastoma cells of the control, 5 Gy carbon-beam, and 10 Gy carbon-beam, and MIB-1 labeling index decreased in 24 hours (12%, 11%, 7%, respectively) but increased in 48 hours (10%, 20%, 21%, respectively). Ultrastructurally, cellular enlargement seemed to depend on vacuolation, swelling of mitochondria, and increase of cellular organelles, such as the cytoskeleton and secondary lysosome. We could not observe apoptotic bodies in the CGNH-89 cells under any conditions. We conclude that carbon-ion irradiation induced cell death and senescence in a glioblastoma cell line with mutant TP53. Our results indicated that the increase of large cells with enlarged and bizarre nuclei, swollen mitochondria, and secondary lysosome occurred in glioblastoma cells after carbon-beam exposure.<br />学位記番号：医博甲1096
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| 10.
学位論文 |
学位
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Kasih, Tota Pirdo
概要:
application/pdf<br />Thesis or Dissertation<br />Plasma polymerization technique includes plasma(-state) polymerization
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and plasma-induced graft polymerization and it is one of the most powerful method for surface modification of polymeric materials. Base on the unsolved problems that still exist on the usage of plasma polymerization in industrial application, the works described in this thesis are intended to explore the application of the plasma discharge either for deposition of thin solid films using a newly developed non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma torch as well as for inducing graft polymerization on plant fibers under low pressure condition.\nThe major part of the thesis is directed toward the development of a novel non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma torch with its name: CAPPLAT (Cold Atmosphere Pressure Plasma Torch) and exploring the use of it for depositing plasma polymerized films having organic and inorganic features. The torch consists of a 4 mm inner diameter metal pipe (inner electrode) surrounded by a silicone tube (dielectric) and a metal belt of 20 mm wide (outer electrode) is placed around the silicone tube at its end. The temperature of the generated plasma jet is as low as room temperature. When the rare gas was used to generate the discharge, electrical diagnostic exhibited the homogeneous glow type discharge. Optical emission spectroscopy confirmed the inclusion of air component to the plasma jet. By selecting the applied voltage and gas flow rate, a proper condition for sufficient plasma jet length could be adjusted.\nApplications of the torch have been realized to deposit both of organic and inorganic thin films. The organic film of plasma polymerized methyl methacrylate\n(PPMMA) obtained by using argon (Ar) plasma torch has been found to be chemically and spectroscopically similar to that of conventional PMMA. This could be happened when the rate of MMA-carrying Ar gas was high enough to change the filamentary character of Ar plasma to the glow-like one. For the deposition of thin film from hexamethyldisiloxne (HMDSO) monomer with the inorganic character, it was found that the plasma generated by using Ar as the working gas was more effective than helium (He) plasma in terms of both quality and deposition rate of film at the same applied power, frequency and gas composition. This could be realized by adjusting the oxygen feed through the HMDSO bubbler. Moreover, the appearance of the film could be improved when a small amount nitrogen (N2) was admixed to the Ar as a feed gas. The Ar/N2 mixed gas by the composition of 30/1 was found to result in homogeneous appearance of discharge and could deposit the SiO2-like film with better quality at the similar growth rate to the deposition by pure Ar plasma.\nPlasma-induced graft polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto kenaf fiber was studied with using a low pressure non-equilibrium plasma. The graft polymerization onto plant fiber with high content of lignin was successfully achieved by introducing peroxides on the fiber through plasma treatment. Vinyl monomer was chosen in order to change the hydrophylic surface of kenaf onto hydrophobic one without sacrifying its potential bulk properties. The chemical structure and morphology of the grafted surface fiber have been characterized by FT-IR, XPS and SEM analyses. Those characterizations indicated that the kenaf fiber was partially coated by PMMA. Nevertheless, judging from the results of TG/DTG study, the graft polymerized kenaf fiber has higher thermal stability than untreated one.<br />学位記番号:工博乙85
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