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FUNATSU, Masato ; SHIRAI, Hiroyuki ; KASUYA, Koichi
概要:
application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />The equilibrium composition and spectral absorption coefficient of SiC ablation layer plasmas have been calculated for temperature of 5000 to 7000 K, layer thickness of 0 to 7.5mm, and
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pressure of 0.1 to 1.0MPa. The radiations included were molecular bands, atomic lines, and continuum processes. The absorption coefficient thus calculated was applied to a simplified shock layer model for the Jupiter entry probe to investigate the effectiveness of the ablation layer in reducing the radiative heating from a shock layer to a body surface. It was found that the SiC ablation layer is very effective to protect the body from radiative heating and that the photoionization processes of atomic carbon and silicon were mainly responsible for radiative absorption at high photon energy range. Furthermore the molecular carbon bands were effectively absorptive in relatively low photon energy range, particularly at low temperatures.
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OKAI, Keiichi ; ONO, Yutaka ; MORIUE, Osamu ; SHIBA, Seiji ; ARAKI, Mikiya ; NOMURA, Hiroshi ; SHIGA, Seiichi ; TSUE, Mitsuhiro ; KONO, Michikata
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application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />Experimental investigation was conducted on two droplet-array combustion of methanol and methanol/dodecanol mixture fuels in microgravity. For methanol, effects of ambient pressure and
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droplet spacing were examined. Results show that the droplet lifetime decreases with increasing spacing at relatively low pressure and the droplet lifetime becomes independent of spacing at higher-subcritical and supercritical pressures. For methanol/dodecanol mixture, effects of pressure, fuel composition were investigated in terms of occurrence of disruption. Disruption of droplet during combustion was demonstrated both for single droplet and droplet pairs.
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Hamana, Koei
概要:
application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />Polyamines were analyzed for a chemotaxonomic interest in seventeen thiobacilli distributed within the alpha, beta and gamma subclasses of the class Proteobacteria. Thiobacillus
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aquaesulis, T. denitrificans and T. thioparus and three Thiomonas spcies, bel
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Takayama, Kiyoshige ; Kumaki, Iku ; Tatemoto, Kazuhiko
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application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />We examined differences in depressor response to apelin-12 (AP12) between spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Intravenous administration of
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AP12 in SHR and WKY rats elicited depressor response, with little chang
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Takahashi, Hiroshi ; Ohta, Noboru ; Hatta, Ichiro
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application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />X-ray diffraction was used to study the interdigitated structure of phosphatid
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ylcholines in glycerol. In this study, we investigated five different saturated diacyl phosphatidylcholines with carbon number from 14 to 18 in their acyl chains. It was found that lamellar spacings increase linearly as increasing the carbon number in the chains and that the increment is 0.10 ± 0.01 nm per one carbon atom. The lamellar diffraction intensity data were analyzed, by applying a method proposed by Adachi [Chem. Phys. Lipids 107 (2000) 93-97]. The results indicate that the moiety around polar headgroup regions is almost unchanged, being independent of the carbon number.
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Takahashi, Hiroshi ; Quinn, Peter J.
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application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />A hydration repulsive force plays an important role in various phenomena. In o
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rder to study its temperature dependence, the hydration force of dipalmitorylphosphatidylcholine bilayers was investigated at temperatures below freezing. Using known chemical potential of ice, the strength of the interbilayer repulsive force of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine bilayers at subzero temperatures was estimated and X-ray diffraction was used to estimate the interbilayer spacing. An exponentially decaying repulsive force with a decay constant of 0.15 nm was observed. The present subzero temperature data are slightly grater than those measured at temperatures about 20℃.
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Uehara, H ; Matsuda, H ; Aoike, T ; Yamanobe, T ; Komoto, T
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application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />The effect of prior polymer concentration on solution-crystallized morphologies in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene has been characterized by transmission electron microscopy
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(TEM) and X-ray analysis. Molecular motion in crystalline and amorphous phases was evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The series of solution-crystallized mats was prepared from different polymer concentrations. TEM results indicate these samples consist of lamellae aligned parallel to the mat surface. The observed high order scattering of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) patterns indicate a regular stacking of lamellae. The long period was similar to 11 nm, independent of prior polymer concentration. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction analysis also revealed the same level of crystallinity for these solution-crystallized samples, well coincident with H-1-NMR results. These indicate that the thickness of crystal/amorphous layers was constant, which was also confirmed by layer thickness distribution analysis for this series of samples, based on direct TEM observation. However, the SAXS peak gradually grew and sharpened with increasing prior polymer concentration. H-1-NMR results also indicate amorphous chain mobility was restricted for the sample prepared from lower polymer concentration in spite of unchanged crystallinity and relaxation characteristics for crystalline chains. Morphological and relaxation characteristics information demonstrates that lower prior polymer concentration might prefer formation of tie molecules which connect tightly crystalline layers. In contrast, the higher concentration could trap loosely entangled chains in amorphous layers, providing for an ease of chain relaxation estimated by H-1-NMR analysis.
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Nakagawa, Tetsuo ; Urakawa, Hiroshi ; Kajiwara, Kanji ; Hayashi, Soichi
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application/pdf<br />Departmental Bulletin Paper<br />A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, which includes all degrees o
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f freedom of atomic motion, has been performed for liquid tetrachloromethane (CCl4) over the wide temperature range from 261.26 (near melting point) to 557.43 K (near critical temperature). The translational diffusion coefficient D of the molecular center-of-mass and first and second rank reorientational correlation times 〓1R(l = 1, 2) of the unit vector along the C-C1 axes are simulated at four temperatures. The simulated activation energies Ea values for both D and 〓2R are in better agreement with the experimental ones than our previous simulated ones, and it has been found that our simulation model is reasonable and well reproduced in the real liquid CCl4.
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