未就学児の呼吸器症状の実態 : 保護者を対象としたアンケート調査報告

フォーマット:

論文

責任表示:

望月, 博之 ; 藤澤, 隆夫

言語:

日本語

出版情報:

日本アレルギー学会, 2008-11-30

著者名:

• 望月, 博之
• 藤澤, 隆夫

掲載情報:

アレルギー

ISSN:

00214884    

巻:

57

通号:

11

開始ページ:

1166

終了ページ:

1174

バージョン:

VoR

概要:

application/pdf<br />Journal Article<br />【背景・目的】これまで未就学児の呼吸器症状の有症率についての検討は十分ではなかった.【方法】未就学児の母親を対象に,呼吸器症状の有症率等について全国規模のアンケート調査を実施した.【結果】発送数1375,有効回答数1168,有効回答率84.9%であった.最近1年間の呼吸器症状では鼻水・鼻づまりが最も多く,乾性咳嗽,湿性咳嗽,喘鳴の順であった.呼吸器症状による医療機関の受 … 診率は高く,湿性咳嗽で91.9%,喘鳴で94.0%であった.いずれの呼吸器症状も8月に最も少なくなり,12〜3月の期間に最も多くなる傾向が認められた.呼吸器症状が悪化する時間帯は,乾性咳嗽と湿性咳嗽では寝入り後,喘鳴では深夜,鼻水・鼻づまりでは昼間が顕著であった.呼吸器症状の出現で困ることは,患児では「症状のために夜眠れなくなる」,保護者では「介抱のために夜眠れない」が多かった.【結語】未就学児の呼吸器症状の有症率は高く,季節的変動や夜間の悪化が認められ,低年齢児を取り巻く呼吸器症状の現状が確認された.\n\nBackground: In Japan, incidence of respiratory symptoms in pre-school children is still unclear. Objective: A nationwide mail questionnaire survey on respiratory symptoms including symptom prevalence was conducted among mothers who had preschool-age children. Results: Number of questionnaires sent was 1375, and valid responses was 1168 (valid response rate; 84.9%). In the last 12 months, 94.8% of children had runny nose and nasal congestion, followed by nonproductive cough (73.7%), wet cough (64.3%), and wheezing (19.2%). When classified according to age group, 56.1% of under 1-year-old infants had nonproductive cough, 40.4% had wet cough, 12.1% had wheezing, 84.3% had runny nose and nasal congestion, and 1- to 2-year-olds had an increased rate for all of these symptoms. The consultation rate for respiratory symptoms at the medical institution was as high as 91.9% in the children with nonproductive cough, and 94.0% with wheezing. Each respiratory symptom tends to decrease most in August and increase through the period of December to March. Peak times of symptom exacerbation were "just after falling asleep at night" for nonproductive cough and wet cough, "midnight" for wheezing, and "daytime" for runny nose and nasal congestion. Also, it was confirmed that the largest number of children have problems sleeping, and that most mothers also have problems sleeping due to having to take care of their child. Conclusion: This survey revealed the reality of respiratory symptoms of preschool-age children. The results suggest that respiratory symptoms are prevalent in children, and many of them have seasonal change and nocturnal exacerbation of symptoms. 続きを見る